Mechanisms Of Genetics Question Preview (ID: 25011)


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A genetic counselor is examining a karyotype from a patient when an extra copy of chromosome 13 is noticed. This condition is referred to as
a) trisomy
b) diploidy
c) triploidy
d) monosomy

A sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogen base form the building blocks of which organic compound?
a) carbohydrates
b) lipids
c) nucleic acids
d) proteins

A scientist treats a cell with a chemical that destroys the ribosomes. As a result, which cell process will be stopped?
a) osmosis
b) photosynthesis
c) protein synthesis
d) respiration

Which technique is used to make DNA fingerprints?
a) cloning
b) gel electrophoresis
c) gene splicing
d) genetic engineering

In order for DNA instructions to move from the nucleus to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm of a cell, an RNA copy of a DNA strand must be made. This process, which takes place in the cell nucleus, is called-
a) translation
b) DNA replication
c) mutation
d) transcription

Which statement best describes what takes place during translation?
a) An RNA copy of a DNA strand is made.
b) Information in mRNA is converted into a sequence of amino acids in a protein.
c) A copy of chromosomal DNA is created.
d) Instructions from DNA in the nucleus are brought to the cytoplasm.

Which of the following correctly lists the four possible nitrogenous bases in DNA?
a) adenine, guanine, cytosine, uracil
b) leucine, proline, tyrosine, phenylalanine
c) glutamine, proline, tyrosine, phenylalanine
d) adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine

DNA is a polymer which is made up of subunits called nucleotides. Which of these is not a DNA nucleotide component?
a) deoxyribose sugar
b) phosphate group
c) ribose sugar
d) nitrogenous base

Which of the following correctly shows a complementary base pair of nitrogenous bases in a DNA molecule?
a) adenine- guanine
b) guanine- cytosine
c) cytosine- adenine
d) guanine- thymine

Identify the molecule which contains the instructions used to create an organism’s enzymes and proteins.
a) nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
b) hemoglobin
c) deoxyribonucleic acid
d) glucose

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