Biology (Webster) - Final Exam Review - DNA And Genetics Question Preview (ID: 19945)
A Little Review For Your Final Exam.
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The primary function of DNA is to:
a) make proteins.
b) store and transmit genetic information
c) control chemical processes within cells.
d) prevent mutations
All of the following are true about the structure of DNA except:
a) short strands of DNA are contained in chromosomes inside the nucleus of a cell.
b) every DNA nucleotide contains a sugar, a phosphate group, and a base.
c) DNA consists of two strands of nucleotides joined by hydrogen bonds.
d) the long strands of nucleotides are twisted into a single helix.
Which of the following is not part of a molecule of DNA?
a) deoxyribose
b) nitrogenous base
c) phosphate
d) ribose
The base-pairing rules state that the following are base pairs in DNA:
a) adenine—thymine; uracil—cytosine.
b) adenine—guanine; thymine—cytosine.
c) adenine—thymine; guanine—cytosine.
d) uracil—adenine; guanine—cytosine.
A portion of a DNA strand has the base sequence of CCTAGCT. What is its complement?
a) GGATCGA
b) CCTAGCT
c) AAGTATC
d) TTGCATG
The function of tRNA is to ______________________________.
a) synthesize DNA
b) synthesize mRNA
c) form ribosomes
d) transfer amino acids to ribosomes
Which of the following types of RNA carries instructions for making proteins?
a) mRNA
b) tRNA
c) rRNA
d)
During transcription, ____________________________.
a) proteins are synthesized
b) DNA is replicated
c) RNA is produced
d) translation occurs
Each nucleotide triplet in mRNA that specifies a specific amino acid is called a(n) _____________________.
a) codon
b) anticodon
c) exon
d) mutagen
The process of making proteins from RNA is _________________.
a) transcription
b) translation
c) replication
d) peptide synthesis
True-breeding pea plants always:
a) produce offspring that have only one form of a trait.
b) are heterozygous
c) produce offspring that have multiple forms of a trait.
d) are pollinated by hand.
Mendel’s finding that the inheritance of one trait had no effect on the inheritance of another became known as the:
a) law of dominance
b) law of separate convenience
c) law of universal inheritance
d) law of independent assortment
Which of the following genotypes is homozygous dominant?
a) Aa
b) aa
c) AA
d) IAIB
The effects of a mutation can be:
a) helpful
b) harmful
c) neutral
d) All of these
If a characteristic is sex-linked, it:
a) occurs most commonly in males.
b) can never occur in females.
c) occurs only in females.
d) is always fatal.
People with Down syndrome have ___________.
a) 45 chromosomes
b) 46 chromosomes
c) 47 chromosomes
d) no X chromosomes
The principle of dominance states that:
a) all alleles are dominant.
b) some alleles are dominant and others are recessive.
c) all alleles are recessive.
d) alleles are neither dominant nor recessive.
A cross of a black chicken (BB) with a white chicken (WW) produces all speckled offspring (BBWW). This type of inheritance is known as:
a) incomplete dominance.
b) codominance.
c) polygenic inheritance
d) multiple alleles
The failure of a chromosome to separate during meiosis is called _____________.
a) nondisjuntion
b) X-chromosome inactivation
c) Turner’s syndrome
d) Down syndrome
A carrier of a recessive disorder:
a) has two copies of the allele and DOES exhibit symptoms.
b) has one copy of the allele and DOES exhibit symptoms.
c) has two copies of the allele and DOES NOT exhibit symptoms.
d) has one copy of the allele and DOES NOT exhibit symptoms.
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