Final Exam Review # 2 Question Preview (ID: 18393)
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Transferring genetic information through recombinant plasmids from one organism to another to allow them to produce new proteins is called
a) Genetic engineering
b) Selective breeding
c) Natural selection
d) DNA mutation
Where must a human zygote be implanted for successful development to occur?
a) Ovary
b) Fallopian tube
c) Uterus
d) Umbilicus
What is the name of the process humans use when they intentionally mate organisms with desirable characteristics to produce offspring with those same characteristics?
a) Genetic engineering
b) Selective breeding
c) Natural selection
d) DNA mutation
In which organ does fertilization of a human egg cell by a human sperm cell occur?
a) Ovary
b) Fallopian tube
c) Uterus
d) Umbilicus
What process releases one egg from a female’s ovary?
a) Menstruation
b) Ovulation
c) Fertilization
d) Circumnavigation
The placenta and umbilical cord serve what function during embryonic development?
a) Creation of embryonic blood
b) Diffusion of cytoplasm
c) Transfer of nutrients
d) Fetal jump rope
The name of the diploid cell created when a haploid sperm cell fuses with a haploid egg cell is called a
a) Embryo
b) Fetus
c) Umbilicus
d) Zygote
As an embryo develops it undergoes mitotic cell division without changing in size by repeated divisions of the cell membrane. The division of the cell membrane occurs through the process of
a) Fertilization
b) Cleavage
c) Overproduction
d) Replication
What process occurs when a haploid sperm cell fuses with a haploid egg cell to create a diploid zygote?
a) Meiosis
b) Mitosis
c) Fertilization
d) Differentiation
What hormone stimulates sperm production and the formation of secondary sexual characteristics in males?
a) Estrogen
b) Progesterone
c) Adrenaline
d) Testosterone
What is produced in the glands of the endocrine system?
a) Glycogen
b) Hormones
c) Toxins
d) DNA
Where do DNA mutations and chromosomal abnormalities need to occur if they are going to be passed on to future generations and influence natural selection?
a) Skin cells
b) Prokaryotic organisms
c) Nerve cells
d) Gametes
What term is used to describe the result of faulty DNA replication?
a) Translation
b) Mutation
c) Differentiation
d) Homeostasis
Modern techniques allow scientists to create complex organisms genetically identical to a parent. This process involves taking the DNA from one parent organism and placing it into an egg cell that has had its DNA removed. This process is called
a) Cloning
b) Differentiation
c) Mutation
d) Sexual Reproduction
What produces offspring that are genetically identical to the parent organism?
a) Sexual reproduction
b) Asexual reproduction
c) Mutation
d) Differentiation
Meiosis, sexual reproduction, and crossing over are three processes that create what important aspect that is necessary for natural selection to occur?
a) Survival of the fittest
b) Variation
c) Genetic homogeneity
d) Overproduction of offspring
Meiosis creates cells that have half of the DNA of body cells. The cells created by meiosis are termed
a) Diploid
b) Haploid
c) Polyploid
d) Androploid
The uncontrollable division of body cells by mitosis can be caused by
a) Renal failure
b) Differentiation
c) Amino acids
d) Cancer
What process divides one diploid cell into two identical daughter cells?
a) Meiosis
b) Mitosis
c) Differentiation
d) Cancer
What type of diseases can be passed from parent to offspring and are encoded for in DNA?
a) Genetic
b) Bacterial
c) Viral
d) Laryngeal
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