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BIOL G220 Unit 5 Lecture Exam Review C
Test Description: Urinary system topics
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) how important is the urinary system?
A
you could live without a urinary system, with proper diet, surgery, medication, and dialysis
B
you could live without a urinary system, with significant lifestyle changes
C
without a urinary system, you could not live
D
the urinary system is the appendix of bodily systems
2) like most other things in Human Anatomy, the urinary system is divided into two structural / functional sections: the ____, which _____; and the ____, which____
A
kidneys, produce urine; urinary tract, stores, transports, expels urine
B
afferent, takes in blood for filtering; efferent, returns filtered blood to the bloodstream
C
conducting, transports blood; nephric, filters blood
D
hemomundic system, filters blood; renal system, produces urine
3) in addition to filtering out and eliminating wastes, the kidneys have another major function, ______ this is accomplished by ______
A
maintain lymphatic balance, controlling blood flow to the spleen
B
gas exchange; comingling arterial and venous capillaries (in convoluted tubules)
C
maintain osmotic balance, sequestering salts
D
fluid homeostasis; producing dilute or concentrated urine
4) another thing that specialized cells in the kidneys do is maintain the ___ of the blood; this is done by____ which causes___
A
oxygen capacity; releasing erythropoeitin- red blood cell production
B
temperature of the blood; releasing myocontractin- increased rate of smooth muscle contraction
C
pH balance; releasing Hydrogen or Ammonium Ions into the blood - buffers the blood
D
immune response; releasing leukopoeitin- white blood cell production
5) The kidneys control the selective secretion and reabsorption of _____ and ______
A
tubular fluid, urea (uric acid)
B
blood cells, wastes
C
water, electrolytes
D
tubular fluid, billirubin
6) in cross section, the kidney is seen to contain an outer ____ which is rife with renal_____, and interior to that several _____ lobes which are home to several nephron
A
cortex, corpuscles; medullary, loops
B
cortex, tubules; medullary, capsules
C
calyx, pelvis; renal, pyramids
D
medulla, tubules; cortical, columns
7) Each of the renal ____ drains into a set of ___ that ultimately combine to form the renal _____
A
arterioles, venuoles, vein
B
pyramids, calyx, pelvis
C
corpuscles, tubules, vessels
D
corticies, medulla, pyramid
8) Kidneys are ______; it is possible to determine this even if
A
intraperitoneal; the membrane is damaged during dissection
B
abdominopelvic; they are removed from the body
C
retroperitoneal; the model in the illustration is wearing clothing
D
gastropodal; they are not molluscan
9) the ___ Kidney is superior to the ____; due to the placement of the ____
A
left, right; liver
B
left, right; urinary bladder
C
right, left; spleen
D
anterior, posterior; renal hillux
10) the urinary tract contains the _____, which transport urine from the kidneys to the ____; urine finally leaves the body via the
A
renal ducts, renal pelvis, urogenital orifice
B
renal tubules, renal medulla, cloaca
C
ureters, bladder; urethra
D
urethrae, bladder, ureter
11) after entering the kidney at the hillus through the renal artery, blood flows through segmental and interlobar arteries before traveling along the corticomedullary junction in the ____ arteries
A
afferent
B
interlobular
C
corticomedullary
D
arcuate
12) blood enters the renal corpuscle via an ____ artery, which is ____ compared to the _____ whereby it exits the corpuscle: this creates _____ within the _____
A
urinary, more porous, renal; tubular fluid, proximal convoluted tubule
B
afferent, larger in diameter, efferent; higher presure, glomerulus
C
interlobular, less porous, intratubular; tubular fluid, capsule
D
anastomosed, more highly branched, passthrough; turbulent blood flow, capillaries
13) the glomerulus consists of ____ capillaries and specialized cells called ______; these allow ____ to exit the capillaries and collect in the ____
A
sinusoid, nephrocytes; filtrate, proximal tubule
B
anastomosed, pediocytes, urine, renal duct
C
continuous, renocytes, tubular fluid, capsule
D
fenestrated, podocytes; fluid, capsule
14) blood leaving the renal corpuscle via the _____ can take one of two paths: around the proximal and distal tubules in ____, or around the _____ as the ___
A
tube of Bowman, intracapsular veins, transmedullary tubule / ducts of Henle
B
afferent arteriole: peritubular capillaries, nephron loop/ vasa recta
C
renal portal: proximal distal capillaries, intermediate tubule/ vasa recta
D
interlobular vein: intratubular capillaries, nephron loop/ nephric capillaries
15) about __ of the nephrons lie close to the corticomedulllary junction and send nephrons deep into the medulla, earning them the name _____; the balance of the nephrons are said to be _____
A
15%, juxtamedullary; cortical
B
55%, intracortical, transcortical
C
45% transcortical; intracortical
D
85%, medullary; juxtacortical
16) of the processes that modify tubular fluid to transform it into _____, the main one that occurs in the proximal convoluted tubule is
A
extratubular fluid; pressurization
B
renal filtrate; secretion
C
urine; reabsorption
D
ultrafiltrate; remundation
17) the primary process of tubular fluid modification that is taking place in the distal convoluted tubule is
A
reabsorption
B
secretion
C
serous discharge
D
osmotic gradient
18) as tubular fluid continues to be modified by the _____, it is not officially 'urine' until it reaches the
A
nephric duct, renal calyx
B
collecting duct, papillary duct
C
amalgamating tube, aeophrogratic duct
D
renal tubule, renal pelvis
19) the distal convoluted tubule abuts its renal corpuscle, forming the _______: where it participates in the regulation of ____
A
juxtaglomerular apparatus: blood pressure
B
juxtacortical apparatus: blood oxygen content
C
juxtamedullary apparatus: glomerular filtration rate
D
juxtacapsular apparatus: renal clearance
20) the bladder is lined with _______ because it _____
A
lymph nodules, fights urinary tract infections
B
transitional epithelium, stretches
C
renal pits, reabsorbs water
D
cilliated 'brush border' cells, moves urine
*select an answer for all questions
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