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Earth's Structures Unit Test Review
Test Description: Students prepare for their Unit Test on Earth's composition and Interior Structures
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) Which will most likely form when movement along a plate boundary forces a landmass to be pulled apart?
A
Oceanic trench.
B
Continental mountans.
C
Volcanic island arc
D
Continental rift.
2) Which layer of the Earth’s structures is believed to make up the majority of its mass and volume?
A
Magma
B
Core
C
Mantle
D
Crust
3) What two elements from the periodic table are most abundant in Earth’s crust?
A
Iron and nickel
B
Oxygen and silicon
C
Iron and silicon
D
Copper and nickel
4) Which best explains the process responsible for the formation of soil in Earth’s crust?
A
Soil forms when plate movement beneath Earth’s surface results in an earthquakes which then causes cracks in Earth’s crust.
B
Soil forms when a volcano and an earthquake occur at the same time as magma rises and is broken apart by the earthquake.
C
Soil forms when a volcano causes iron and nickel from the inner core to rise to the surface of the Earth.
D
Soil forms as a rock is broken down by the process of weathering and then mixes with other materials on Earth’s surface.
5) Which describes the formation process of an igneous rock?
A
Sand grains are cemented together.
B
The remains of small organisms and shells are buried under the sea floor.
C
Pressure and heat are applied to rock.
D
Rock melts and hardens beneath the ground.
6) How do seismic P-waves compare with sound waves?
A
Both are longitudinal.
B
Both are able to travel in outer space.
C
Both are caused by vibrations.
D
Both are transverse
7) Which similarity is shared by seismic P-waves and light waves?
A
Both are caused by vibrations.
B
Both are transverse and therefore have a crest and trough.
C
Both are longitudinal and therefore have compressions and rarefactions.
D
Both are able to travel in outer space.
8) Which is the point beneath Earth's surface where rock breaks and triggers an earthquake?
A
focus
B
epicenter
C
footwall
D
syncline
9) How are seismic P-waves different from seismic S-waves?
A
S-waves are longitudinal, but P-waves are transverse.
B
P-waves are longitudinal, but S-waves are transverse.
C
P-waves can only travel through solids but S-waves can travel through all states of matter.
D
S-waves can only travel through solids, but P-waves can travel through all states of matter.
10) Which is the major process that wears down whole mountain ranges?
A
Plate Movement
B
Earthquakes
C
Silt deposition
D
Weathering
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