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Test Description: Environmental science study guide
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) An experiment uses two groups of mice with 20 individuals in each group. Both groups are fed the same amount of water and food every day. They are kept in similar cages in a climate-controlled room. The experimental group is given five doses of a pes
A
independent variable.
B
dependent variable.
C
experimental constant.
D
control.
2) A substance with a pH of 8 has ____ times less hydrogen ion concentration of a substance with a pH of 6.
A
5
B
100
C
2
D
1000
3) Which of the following statements about rain shadows is correct?
A
They occur on the eastern sides of mountain ranges in the Southern Hemisphere
B
As air rises over a mountain range, water vapor condenses into precipitation.
C
They occur on the western sides of mountain ranges in the Northern Hemisphere.
D
Air gains water vapor as it rises.
4) Energy flow is cyclic like water, matter within and between ecosystems, and various macronutrients (like Carbon, Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium).
A
none
B
false
C
both
D
true
5) Convection Currents are circular patterns that give rise to atmospheric cycles like Hadley cells.
A
false
B
both
C
none
D
true
6) Which of the following is the best description of evolution?
A
The genetic change within a population over time
B
The genetic change within a population over one generation
C
The growth of an individual from birth to adulthood
D
The genetic change in an individual over time
7) Which type of population distribution is most common?
A
Clumped distribution
B
Uniform distribution
C
Both A and C
D
Random distribution
8) Animals are sometimes randomly distributed across an ecosystem within a population because of
A
the tendency to form social groups.
B
the fact that the animals are territorial.
C
the fact that resources are not limiting.
D
repulsion by inhibitory pheromones.
9) A certain species of animal represents just 3% of the biomass in its ecosystem. We might classify this as a keystone species if its elimination
A
caused the diversity of the community to sharply decrease.
B
caused plant biomass to increase 3%.
C
caused 2% of the other species in the community to increase.
D
allowed an even rarer species to increase in numbers and take its place.
10) Which of the following statements is correct in reference to species richness?
A
Species richness increases at latitudes farthest North of the equator.
B
Species richness is equally distributed globally in biomes.
C
Species richness increases at latitudes farthest South of the equator.
D
Species richness is greatest at latitudes near the equator.
11) Populations whose age structure diagrams are narrower at the bottom than at the top have
A
a declining population.
B
a high growth rate.
C
the same proportion of individuals in each age group.
D
high death rates.
12) Which of the following groups of organisms would likely be most susceptible to pollution pressure initiated by humans because of the sensitivity of the group to change?
A
Plants
B
Decomposing insects
C
Amphibians
D
Rodents
13) Which of the following was a significant cause of urban sprawl over the past 50 years?
A
Lower property taxes in urban areas
B
Use of the federal gasoline tax to construct and maintain highways
C
Migration of people from rural areas to large central cities
D
Increased availability of public transportation
14) The IUCN labels species that are at high risk of extinction as
A
extirpated.
B
threatened.
C
species of special concern.
D
extinct.
15) Which is an example of the single-species approach to conservation? I. The Endangered Species Act II.The Marine Mammal Protection Act III.The Biosphere Reserve
A
I and II
B
II and III
C
I
D
I and III
16) The most critical factor in controlling human population growth is
A
controlling reproductive lifespan.
B
decreasing the age of first birth.
C
decreasing infant death.
D
decreasing the average number of births per woman.
17) Which areas of the world are most susceptible to desertification?
A
Temporal Chaparral
B
Existing deserts
C
Areas adjacent to existing deserts
D
Humid equatorial regions
18) Concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) make meat more economical but may have some negative environmental impacts. These include all of the following EXCEPT
A
increase in nutrients in stormwater runoff.
B
increased use of land area over other types of animal farming.
C
increase in sediments in stormwater runoff.
D
high concentrations of animal waste.
19) Which of the following best explains why the recycling of plastic is an example of open-loop recycling?
A
Plastic bottles can be recycled and used in the production of different plastic products.
B
Manufacturers may use a lesser amount of material for newer products.
C
Plastic bottles can be melted down and then used in the production of new bottles.
D
Recycling plastic reduces the need for the raw material.
20) The U.S. legislation that is designed to track hazardous waste from its production, cradle, to its disposal, grave, is the
A
National Priorities List.
B
Clean Water Act.
C
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act.
D
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act.
*select an answer for all questions
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