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Origin Of Life Review
Test Description: This is an assessment of the origin of life standard.
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) Which are possible sources of energy that could have led to the production of these first precursors to life?
A
lightning and cellular respiration
B
photosynthesis and cellular respiration
C
nuclear radiation and photosynthesis
D
solar radiation, volcanic eruptions, and lightning
2) Which of the following statements about the effect of early organisms on Earth’s environment is true?
A
The first photosynthetic organisms caused Earth to heat as they converted carbon dioxide to oxygen
B
The first photosynthetic organisms caused Earth to cool as they converted oxygen to carbon dioxide
C
The first photosynthetic organisms caused Earth to heat as they converted oxygen to carbon dioxide.
D
The first photosynthetic organisms caused Earth to cool as they converted carbon dioxide to oxygen
3) One scientific hypothesis about the origin of life holds that
A
RNA existed before DNA.
B
as cells evolved, they stopped using RNA entirely.
C
RNA replaced DNA as the most stable information-storing molecule.
D
proteins that duplicate themselves came to function in information storage.
4) Proteinoid microspheres are tiny bubbles that resemble cells because they
A
contain DNA and/or RNA.
B
have selectively permeable membranes.
C
build proteins from amino acids.
D
add oxygen gas to the atmosphere.
5) The endosymbiotic theory was proposed because mitochondria, chloroplasts, and free-living prokaryotes have similar
A
cell membranes.
B
vacuoles
C
cell nuclei.
D
cell walls.
6) The endosymbiotic theory proposes that mitochondria in eukaryotic cells arose from
A
endosymbiotic prokaryotes that were photosynthetic.
B
endosymbiotic eukaryotes that metabolized oxygen.
C
endosymbiotic prokaryotes that metabolized oxygen.
D
endosymbiotic eukaryotes that were photosynthetic.
7) The endosymbiotic theory proposes that eukaryotic cells arose from
A
communities formed by eukaryotes.
B
individual prokaryotic cells
C
multicellular prokaryotes.
D
communities formed by prokaryotes.
8) Which one of these facts about mitochondria and chloroplasts constitutes support for the endosymbiotic theory?
A
Their ribosomes resemble the ribosomes of bacteria.
B
They reproduce by mitosis.
C
Their DNA resembles bacterial RNA.
D
They are organelles that are found within plant cells.
9) Genetic diversity in prokaryotes is primarily due to
A
mutations in RNA.
B
the mixing of DNA during binary fission.
C
the mixing of DNA during fertilization.
D
mutations in DNA.
10) Sexual reproduction contributes to genetic diversity by allowing
A
a single parent to pass along a complete set of unmixed genes to offspring.
B
unmixed genes from two parents to be passed to offspring.
C
genes from two parents to be mixed and remixed before being passed to offspring.
D
genes from a single parent to be mixed and remixed before being passed to offspring.
11) Which types of organisms developed first due to the early environmental conditions on Earth?
A
prokaryotic and anaerobic
B
eukaryotic and anaerobic
C
prokaryotic and aerobic
D
eukaryotic and aerobic
12) One theory to explain the origin of life is called chemical evolution. According to this theory, which of the following events would need to occur first for life to evolve?
A
formation of the plasma membrane
B
Synthesis of organic molecules
C
origin of genetic material
D
onset of photosynthesis
13) Which of the following describes why the Miller-Urey theory is widely accepted today?
A
The process of synthesizing organic molecules from a mixture of gases has been successfully modeled in the laboratory.
B
No other alternative hypotheses have been introduced.
C
Amino acids spontaneously form from molecules in the atmosphere today.
D
Organic molecules are present today in extremely high concentrations.
14) In which of the following circumstances would it be most likely for large organic molecules to form during a laboratory experiment?
A
If oxygen were slowly added as the experiment progressed
B
If RNA segments that could act as catalysts formed
C
If the mixture were repeatedly heated and cooled
D
If amino acids and nucleic acids both formed
*select an answer for all questions
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