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Watersheds Practice
Test Description: Practice for the surface water, groundwater, catastrophic events test
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) Hurricanes can harm plants in coastal ecosystems in all of the following ways EXCEPT
A
high winds knocking down tall trees
B
soil washing away due to high water
C
storm surge moving saltwater onto land
D
clouds blocking the Sun for too long
2) Tornadoes can negatively affect an ecosystem when -
A
the rise in water level they produce introduces harmful salt
B
the saltwater they bring kills off burrowing insects
C
their strong winds uproot many of the important plants
D
they bring higher temperatures favored by birds
3) If a tornado uproots most of the trees in an ecosystem, it could be expected that due to the loss of trees, there will be a reduction in -
A
sunlight
B
oxygen
C
precipitation
D
soil
4) Which of the following correctly matches a catastrophic weather event with its effects on an ecosystem?
A
A hurricane can kill off plants in deep water.
B
A flood can damage plants with high winds.
C
A thunderstorm's lightning can start forest fires.
D
A tornado can move a lot of seawater onto land.
5) Fertilizers added to crops on farms can collect in runoff and enter the watershed. This problem would be reduced in areas where -
A
farms are situated on the sides of mountains
B
crops are grown for animals as well as humans
C
the growing season of the crops is longer
D
an extended drought leads to little or no rain
6) When fertilizers enter surface water, they cause problems in the watershed by -
A
causing rapid algal growth (algal bloom) that decrease oxygen levels and choke aquatic life.
B
clogging narrow streams and preventing water from flowing properly.
C
increasing the amount of nutrients available to fish in lakes and streams.
D
raising the water level in nearby rivers to levels leading to flooding.
7) A neighborhood in a small Texas town had to be evacuated because the houses were sinking due to a problem in the aquifer. What is the most likely cause of this problem?
A
Heavy rains caused oversaturation of soil foundations
B
Excessive removal of water weakened the ground
C
Overbuilding in the area polluted the ground water
D
Runoff from fertilized land created a dead zone
8) When runoff crosses the land, it picks up fertilizers that have been used on crops and lawns. These contaminants will eventually enter a lake, river or stream, which may lead to -
A
the water in an aquifer to drop
B
harmful rapid growth of algae
C
the earth's surface to sink
D
cleaner water for drinking and bathing
9) Which of the followin ghuman activities would most likely lead to subsidence, the sinking of the surface of the earth?
A
excess removal of water from underground reservoirs
B
using toxic chemicals in the manufacturing of goods
C
filtering out pollutants at a water treatment plant
D
storing drinking water in small above-ground basins
10) Rapid growth of algae in a pond is often the result of -
A
flooding that causes water levels to rise
B
loss of habitat due to commercial building
C
excess nutrients from fertilizer runoff
D
clogged river tributaries entering a lake
11) A paper company wants to build a paper mill in the watershed where a village exists. In order to minimize potiential pollution to the village, which of the following locations is best to build the mill?
A
downstream from the village
B
closest to a freshwater stream or river
C
nearest to the main street of the village
D
at the highest point in the watershed
12) The Rolling Plains region of Texas has a number of deep canyons. One would expect this region to have -
A
flowing rivers
B
moving glaciers
C
deep lakes
D
high wind
13) From the distinct shapes of sand dunes and their features in a desert, a geologist could most likely determine which of the following?
A
age of the formations
B
amount of water nearby
C
direction of the prevailing (common) wind
D
daily high and low temperatures
14) The land area that supplies water to a river system is called a -
A
tributary
B
stream
C
divide
D
watershed
15) The amount of water a material can hold is known as -
A
saturated
B
impermeability
C
permeability
D
porosity
16) How easily water can flow through a material is know as -
A
saturated
B
porosity
C
permeability
D
impermeability
17) The boundary in the soil below which is completely saturated is called -
A
flood
B
subsidence
C
water table
D
spring
18) In order for a well to have water in it, the bottom needs to be below the -
A
aquifer
B
water table
C
spring
D
impermeable
19) The area of land where new water enters an aquifer is called the -
A
recharge zone
B
watershed
C
groundwater
D
permeable layer
20) Which of the following is likely to be the most permeable?
A
clay
B
solid rock
C
silt
D
sand
*select an answer for all questions
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