Unit 8 Test Question Preview (ID: 30537)
The Solar System.
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Copernicus challenged the way in which people of his time thought about the solar system. How did Copernicus describe the motion of the sun?
a) The sun is stationary
b) The sun revolves around Earth.
c) The sun moves in an elliptical orbit
d) The sun moves in a straight line around space.
If you had a diagram with the sun at the center of the solar system, what would it be showing you?
a) location of comets
b) geocentric star system
c) heliocentric solar system
d) galaxy that is nearest to earth
Using what you know about comets, which comet is in the closest orbit to the sun?
a) Rasmussen
b) Zingler
c) Schier
d) Brant
Ceres, Pluto, and Eris are all dwarf planets. In what order would you put them in a list from fastest to slowest?
a) Eris, Pluto, Ceres
b) Pluto, Ceres, Eris
c) Ceres, Eris, Pluto
d) Ceres, Pluto, Eris
Which planet has a period of revolution in years that is about 4 times the value of its distance from the sun in AU?
a) Jupiter
b) Neptune
c) Saturn
d) Uranus
Satellite photos of Neptune and Uranus show that both planets have a bluish color. Which gas in their atmosphere gives them this color?
a) water
b) helium
c) methane
d) hydrogen
How long does it take Neptune to complete one full revolution in Earth years?
a) 82.4 years
b) 164.8 years
c) 329.6 years
d) 659.2 years
Which of the following is the most accurate range of surface temperature on Earth?
a) -100 degrees Celsius to 20 degrees Celsius
b) -85 degrees Celsius to 55 degrees Celsius
c) -50 degrees Celsius to 90 degrees Celsius
d) -25 degrees Celsius to 115 degrees Celsius
Based on their surface gravities, which terrestrial planets would have the thickest atmosphere?
a) Mars and Venus
b) Earth and Venus
c) Mars and Mercury
d) Earth and Mercury
What is Kepler's second law?
a) Each planet orbit's the sun in an ellipse with the sun at one focus
b) As a planet moves around its orbit, it sweeps out equal areas in equal times. (aphelion/perihelion)
c) The square of the orbital period is proportional to the cube of the planets average distance from the sun.
d) None of the above
Kevin is describing the orbit of earth. At what point in Earth's orbit is Earth farthest from the sun?
a) When earth reaches aphelion.
b) When Earth reaches perihelion.
c) When Earth reaches its fastest speed.
d) When Earth reaches its average distance from the sun.
During the sunspot cycle, the number of sunspots rises and falls and their location changes. What is the length of the sunspot cycle?
a) about 1 month
b) about 11 months
c) about 1 year
d) about 11 years
The sun generates energy by nuclear fusion. Which of these choices best describes what happens during the process of nuclear fusion in the sun?
a) Helium is fused to form carbon.
b) Dark spots form on the sun's surface.
c) Atomic nuclei combine to form a larger nucleus.
d) Gas atoms lose electrons to become smaller atoms.
Which information or method did Ptolemy use to develop a model of the solar system?
a) parallax problem
b) heliocentric theory
c) mathematical models
d) telescope observations
How is rotation of the equator of the sun different from the rotation of the poles of the sun?
a) The equator rotates more slowly than the poles.
b) The equator rotates more rapidly than the poles.
c) The equator and the poles rotate at the same speed.
d) The sun does not rotate, so the equator and the poles do not rotate.
How long does it take Saturn to complete two full revolutions in Earth years?
a) 39 Earth years
b) 49 Earth years
c) 59 Earth years
d) 69 Earth years.
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