Science Question Preview (ID: 28066)
Environmental Science Study Guide.
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Which of the following statements is correct in reference to species richness?
a) Species richness is greatest at latitudes near the equator.
b) Species richness increases at latitudes farthest North of the equator.
c) Species richness increases at latitudes farthest South of the equator.
d) Species richness is equally distributed globally in biomes.
Animals are sometimes randomly distributed across an ecosystem within a population because of
a) the tendency to form social groups.
b) the fact that the animals are territorial.
c) the fact that resources are not limiting.
d) repulsion by inhibitory pheromones.
A certain species of animal represents just 3% of the biomass in its ecosystem. We might classify this as a keystone species if its elimination
a) allowed an even rarer species to increase in numbers and take its place.
b) caused 2% of the other species in the community to increase.
c) caused the diversity of the community to sharply decrease.
d) caused plant biomass to increase 3%.
Which type of population distribution is most common?
a) Random distribution
b) Uniform distribution
c) Clumped distribution
d) Both A and C
Which of the following is the best description of evolution?
a) The genetic change in an individual over time
b) The genetic change within a population over one generation
c) The growth of an individual from birth to adulthood
d) The genetic change within a population over time
Convection Currents are circular patterns that give rise to atmospheric cycles like Hadley cells.
a) true
b) false
c) none
d) both
Energy flow is cyclic like water, matter within and between ecosystems, and various macronutrients (like Carbon, Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium).
a) true
b) false
c) none
d) both
A substance with a pH of 8 has ____ times less hydrogen ion concentration of a substance with a pH of 6.
a) 2
b) 5
c) 100
d) 1000
Which of the following statements about rain shadows is correct?
a) They occur on the western sides of mountain ranges in the Northern Hemisphere.
b) Air gains water vapor as it rises.
c) As air rises over a mountain range, water vapor condenses into precipitation.
d) They occur on the eastern sides of mountain ranges in the Southern Hemisphere
An experiment uses two groups of mice with 20 individuals in each group. Both groups are fed the same amount of water and food every day. They are kept in similar cages in a climate-controlled room. The experimental group is given five doses of a pes
a) control.
b) independent variable.
c) dependent variable.
d) experimental constant.
Populations whose age structure diagrams are narrower at the bottom than at the top have
a) high death rates.
b) the same proportion of individuals in each age group.
c) a declining population.
d) a high growth rate.
Which of the following groups of organisms would likely be most susceptible to pollution pressure initiated by humans because of the sensitivity of the group to change?
a) Rodents
b) Decomposing insects
c) Amphibians
d) Plants
Which of the following was a significant cause of urban sprawl over the past 50 years?
a) Migration of people from rural areas to large central cities
b) Increased availability of public transportation
c) Lower property taxes in urban areas
d) Use of the federal gasoline tax to construct and maintain highways
The IUCN labels species that are at high risk of extinction as
a) threatened.
b) extinct.
c) extirpated.
d) species of special concern.
Which is an example of the single-species approach to conservation? I. The Endangered Species Act II.The Marine Mammal Protection Act III.The Biosphere Reserve
a) I
b) I and II
c) I and III
d) II and III
The most critical factor in controlling human population growth is
a) controlling reproductive lifespan.
b) decreasing the age of first birth.
c) decreasing the average number of births per woman.
d) decreasing infant death.
Which areas of the world are most susceptible to desertification?
a) Existing deserts
b) Humid equatorial regions
c) Temporal Chaparral
d) Areas adjacent to existing deserts
Concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) make meat more economical but may have some negative environmental impacts. These include all of the following EXCEPT
a) high concentrations of animal waste.
b) increase in nutrients in stormwater runoff.
c) increase in sediments in stormwater runoff.
d) increased use of land area over other types of animal farming.
Which of the following best explains why the recycling of plastic is an example of open-loop recycling?
a) Manufacturers may use a lesser amount of material for newer products.
b) Plastic bottles can be melted down and then used in the production of new bottles.
c) Plastic bottles can be recycled and used in the production of different plastic products.
d) Recycling plastic reduces the need for the raw material.
The U.S. legislation that is designed to track hazardous waste from its production, cradle, to its disposal, grave, is the
a) Resource Conservation and Recovery Act.
b) Clean Water Act.
c) Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act.
d) National Priorities List.
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