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EOY Weather, Climate And Atmosphere
Test Description: 7th grade science end of year review
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) Meteorologists categorize hurricanes based on the Saffir-Simpson scale. The scale measures the intensity and destructive potential of hurricanes. Which factor has the MOST significant effect on the strength of a hurricane?
A
the direction that the hurricane rotates
B
the number of hurricanes that form in a year
C
the initial speed of a hurricane
D
the temperature of the water below the hurricane
2) Scientists monitor ozone in the upper atmosphere and at ground level. Changing concentrations of each can cause health problems for people. Which set of changes would cause the MOST health concerns?
A
a decrease in both atmospheric and ground level ozone
B
a decrease in atmospheric ozone, and an increase in ground level ozone
C
an increase in both atmospheric and ground level ozone
D
an increase in atmospheric ozone, and a decrease in ground level ozone
3) In the 1970s scientists began investigating the chemical reactions that caused the destruction of ozone in the upper atmosphere. Which statement BEST describes a direct result of their research on society and on the environment?
A
Plastic bags were invented as an alternative to paper bags.
B
Alternatives to ozone-depleting aerosols were invented.
C
Research on a reusable space shuttle was initiated.
D
Global positioning technology was invented.
4) When visiting the beach, Felicity observed that a breeze blew in from the ocean during the day and out toward the ocean at night. Which factor is MOST responsible for the direction of land and sea breezes in coastal regions?
A
the gravitational pull of Earth on the atmosphere
B
the revolution of Earth around the Sun
C
the uneven heating between the land and water
D
the daily rise and fall of tides in a regular pattern
5) The process by which water vapor in the atmosphere cools and becomes a liquid is called
A
evaporation.
B
transportation.
C
perspiration.
D
condensation.
6) Which MOST likely contributes to the rotational pattern of a hurricane that develops in the Atlantic Ocean?
A
Gulf Stream
B
high-pressure systems
C
low relative humidity
D
Coriolis effect
7) Nonrenewable energy sources, such as oil and natural gas, are formed from the remains of organisms buried beneath the surface of Earth. What is one advantage of using natural gas instead of solar power to generate electricity?
A
Natural gas plants can make power at night.
B
Natural gas is free to extract and use.
C
Natural gas is safer than solar energy.
D
Natural gas plants can convert gas to electricity.
8) A strong wind from the north blows in a straight south direction. However, to an observer, the wind appears to be moving to the southwest. What accounts for this shift in wind direction?
A
the rotation of Earth beneath the layer of air
B
the spin of Earth on its axis changing direction
C
the local mountains pushing the wind to the side as it moves through the state
D
the ozone layer focusing solar energy, causing the wind to shift
9) When air rises over the open ocean, a low-pressure system is formed. Which factor increases the potential of a low-pressure system developing into a hurricane in the Northern Hemisphere?
A
cool ocean currents circulating toward the equator
B
cold air moving south from the North Pole
C
increased volcanic activity in the upper latitudes
D
warm water temperatures in the tropics
10) The temperature of the stratosphere increases with altitude because of the presence of
A
ozone.
B
carbon monoxide.
C
nitrogen.
D
water vapor.
11) Atmospheric greenhouse gases help heat the atmosphere by
A
increasing the average density of air.
B
increasing the amount of solar radiation reaching Earth.
C
absorbing infrared radiation released by Earth.
D
storing energy produced by human activity.
12) In the nitrogen cycle, where is nitrogen found as an element?
A
in the air
B
in plants
C
in rocks
D
in animals
13) How do the conditions for a tornado differ from the conditions for a hurricane?
A
Tornadoes never form when there is rain, while hurricanes always form with rain.
B
Tornadoes form under low pressure, while hurricanes form under high pressure.
C
Tornadoes form in a stable atmosphere, while hurricanes form in an unstable atmosphere.
D
Tornadoes generally form over land, while hurricanes form over bodies of water.
14) Which is responsible for creating wind?
A
solar energy
B
trees blowing
C
wave action
D
gravitational force
15) Automobile engines built today are designed to be gas efficient. Gas-efficient engines MOST likely affect a city by reducing
A
heat pollution.
B
air pollution.
C
noise pollution.
D
light pollution.
16) Which of these BEST explains the cause of convection currents in Earth’s atmosphere?
A
The light and heat reflected from the Moon varies as the Moon changes phases.
B
Heat from Earth’s core heats the land only at the equator.
C
Sunlight is more concentrated in some places on Earth than others.
D
Glaciers moving away from the poles cool Earth unevenly.
17) Which factor causes the motion of surface ocean currents?
A
the wind
B
hurricanes
C
the Sun
D
the Moon
18) In which layer of Earth’s atmosphere does weather occur?
A
stratosphere
B
mesosphere
C
troposphere
D
thermosphere
19) When is the MOST energy transferred from the Sun to water in the water cycle?
A
during condensation
B
during evaporation
C
during precipitation
D
during collection
20) Ocean currents, prevailing wind patterns, and other atmospheric disturbances are initially caused by which of these?
A
incoming solar radiation
B
ozone layer depletion
C
gravitational pull of the Sun
D
differences in the phases of the moon
*select an answer for all questions
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