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Category 2
Test Description: Based on released EOC category 2 questions
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) Crossing -over between non-sister chromatids during meiosis is significant in heredity. This process most likely leads to an increase in which of the following?
A
the expression of dominant traits
B
genetic variation
C
the occurrence of polyploidy
D
number of gametes
2) Characteristics such as a widow’s peak or attached earlobes are determined by the genetic code. Which components of DNA are referred to as the genetic code?
A
Phosphate groups
B
Nitrogenous bases
C
Hydrogen bonds
D
Deoxyribose sugars
3) The fact that a strain of yeast with a certain defective gene can use the human version of the gene to repair itself is evidence that yeast and humans-
A
Have identical genomes
B
Share a genetic code
C
depend on the same food supply
D
Both have eukaryotic cells
4) In humans, the sex in males is determined by the:
A
presence or absence of an X chromosome
B
the presence of two X chromosomes
C
number of chromosomes
D
presence of a Y chromosome
5) How does DNA in cells determine an organism’s complex traits?
A
DNA separates into long single strands that make up each part of an organism
B
DNA folds into the nucleus of each of the cells of an organism
C
DNA contains codes for proteins, which are necessary for the growth and functioning of an organism
D
DNA produces the energy an organism needs in order to grow
6) Himalayan rabbits are usually white over their entire bodies. But when parts of their bodies reach temperatures below 35C, a pigment that causes these parts to turn black is produced. Which is most likely the cause of this phenomenon?
A
infection caused by cold temperatures
B
a trait that is both sex-linked and hormone-dependent
C
poor blood circulation
D
gene expression that is regulated by temperature
7) In cocker spaniels the allele for a black coat color (B) is dominant over the allele for a brown coat color (b). If a brown cocker spaniel is crossed with a heterozygous black cocker spaniel, which of the following genotypic ratios can be expected?
A
2BB: 0Bb: 2bb
B
0BB: 2Bb: 2bb
C
1BB: 2Bb:1bb
D
2BB: 1Bb: 0bb
8) The sequence of nitrogenous bases in DNA varies widely. The sequence of the bases in DNA is most important for which of the following?
A
providing the instructions for the traits of an organism
B
helping form the sugar-phosphate backbone of DNA molecules
C
allowing the DNA to have the shape necessary for replication
D
preventing mutations form occurring during DNA replication
9) Human bone, muscle, and nerve cells all contain the same number of chromosomes with the same complement of genes. What enables these cells to perform specialized activities?
A
the use of different methods of cell division
B
the ability of some cells to remove unnecessary DNA sequences
C
the regulation of gene expression within each cell type
D
the mutation of genes within each cell type
10) If several pea plants with the genotype TTYy are crossed with pea plants with the genotype Ttyy, what percentage of the offspring will be expected to have the TTYy allele combination?
A
25%
B
40%
C
75%
D
50%
11) Nitrogenous bases are located on both strands of the DNA double helix. What is the significance of the nitrogenous bases?
A
the type of hydrogen bonding between the nitrogenous bases determines which amino acid will be added to the peptide chain
B
The number of adenines and cytosines determines the type of RNA that will be produced
C
the amount of thymine and guanine in the DNA molecules determines the length of the genes
D
the order of nitrogenous bases determines the order of amino acids in the proteins synthesized
*select an answer for all questions
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