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ED 230 Test 1
Test Description: Use this information to review for mid-term of ED 230
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) What is the relationship between child development and adult development?
A
It is impossible to disconnect adult development from child development.
B
A child’s personality is fixed and development ends after adolescence.
C
The behaviors of an adult are unrelated to his/her behaviors as a child.
D
Adult behaviors can be predicted from adolescent behaviors, but not from the behaviors of a child.
2) Which of the following children is experiencing a developmental change?
A
Eight-year-old Cory broke his arm while playing flag football after school.
B
Twelve-year-old Pedro got braces on his teeth to correct an overbite and misalignment.
C
Seven-year-old Sherra developed a bad case of measles after being exposed at a slumber party.
D
Four-year-old Kara made a bow in her shoelace and tied her sneakers for the first time.
3) Miguel’s vocabulary seems to explode in a very short time period. We can conclude that Miguel is in which of the four major periods of development?
A
d. Adolescence
B
c. Early Childhood.
C
b. Middle Childhood
D
a. Toddlerhood
4) All of the following descriptors characterize adolescence EXCEPT:
A
c. They are beginning to understand abstract concepts such as intention and morality.
B
a. Their growing cognitive abilities lead to the development of greater idealism.
C
d. They spend more time with peers than with family.
D
b. They move toward an independent identity and accept greater responsibility.
5) According to our text authors, what are the three broad domains of development?
A
Physical, cognitive, and social emotional
B
Personality, social reasoning, and temperament
C
Height, weight, and age
D
Thinking, cognition, and reasoning
6) What developmental changes are relatively unaffected by environment?
A
Growth and maturation
B
Emotional development
C
Cognitive skill development
D
A child’s identity
7) Maria gradually improves her reading abilities from first through fourth grade. Maria’s reading improvement is an example of what developmental process?
A
Maturation
B
Quantitative
C
Discontinuous
D
Continuous
8) Which one of the following examples illustrates qualitative change in development?
A
Riki reads every night and develops a large vocabulary for his age.
B
Maya learns a new memory strategy and memorizes the stages of development.
C
Aza advances from Piaget’s sensorimotor stage to the preoperational stage.
D
Bart practices and gradually improves his ability to throw a football.
9) Developmental systems theories are general perspectives on development, heredity, and evolution. What do they emphasize?
A
Developmental influences of nurture over nature
B
Critical periods of development that depend on the plasticity of the brain
C
Interactions and coactions among developmental influences
D
Developmental influences of nature over nurture
10) Most researchers agree the birth of child development studies in the United Sates began in the ______ under the scholarship of John Dewey.
A
1950
B
1920
C
1960
D
late 1800
11) Young geese will attach to the first nurturing figure they see after they are born. This principle is known as ________________, which is considered to be a bonding experience that has great adaptive value
A
operant conditioning
B
psychosocial crisis
C
ethology
D
imprinting
12) Which of the following statements is an accurate representation of Erik Erikson’s ideas?
A
At each stage of development, children must resolve the conflict of the stage by choosing the extreme position that brings
B
Successful resolution of a crisis at any stage depends upon having more positive than negative experiences in the psychoso
C
An individual cannot progress to a later stage unless the earlier stage has been resolved successfully and completely.
D
Accomplishments at later stages are independent of crises at earlier stages, and the emergence of self is the key to devel
13) Juan is highly determined to get a perfect score on his geography test. He has a set of flashcards and he practices over and over learning the state capitals. Juan’s behavior is typical of what we might expect of an 11-year-old child in Erikson’s ___
A
initiative versus guilt
B
anal versus latency
C
industry versus inferiority
D
autonomy versus shame and doubt
14) Maria learns to tie her shoe by watching her older sister successfully tie her own shoe. Rather than shaping Maria’s behavior by using reinforcements, Bandura’s social learning theory relies on:
A
enactive learning
B
negative reinforcement.
C
information processing.
D
vicarious learning.
15) As Kelvin learns a new skill within his zone of proximal development, his dad provides scaffolding. Lev Vygotsky coined the term zone of proximal development to refer to:
A
the area between what a child can do independently and what the child can do with guidance.
B
a child’s use of cultural funds of knowledge to solve problems and construct meaning.
C
how children use cultural tools that are handed down from one generation to the next.
D
the acquisition of psychological tools (such as language) that are involved in mediating cognitive processes.
16) The color of our hair and eyes is determined by our:
A
cytoplasm.
B
chromosomes.
C
genes.
D
chorions.
17) Sex cells are referred to as ____________ and the result of sex cells combining is referred to as _____________. a. mitosis; meiosis b. zygote; gamete c. gametes; zygote d. DNA, polarization
A
mitosis; meiosis
B
zygote; gamete
C
DNA, polarization
D
gametes; zygote
18) The first phase of pregnancy is known as the _________ and it typically lasts about __________.
A
germinal stage; two weeks
B
gestation stage; two weeks
C
embryonic stage; eight weeks
D
germinal stage; six weeks
19) Paula has a history of hemophilia in her family. She was extremely relieved when the tests from her ______________ test revealed that her fetus is healthy and does not show evidence of being at risk for hemophilia.
A
DNA
B
alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)
C
amniocentesis
D
ultra-sound imaging
20) Corina’s pregnancy is going well, and she heard the baby’s heartbeat during her doctor’s visit today. She learned that her baby is just now able to hear sounds and flex its limbs. She also had the combined test to detect chromosomal abnormalities. Ho
A
Germinal stage, second week
B
Fetal stage, first trimester
C
Fetal stage, third trimester
D
Embryonic stage, fourth week
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