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Earthquakes And Tectonic Plates
Test Description: This test will cover topics such as P and S wave data, Earthquakes, Tectonic Plates, Seafloor spreading, and layers of the Earth.
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) Most inferences about the characteristics of Earth’s mantle and core are based on
A
well drillings from Earth’s mantle and core
B
comparisons between Moon rocks and Earth rocks
C
the behavior of seismic waves in Earth’s interior
D
chemical changes in exposed and weathered metamorphic rocks
2) Folded sedimentary rock layers are usually caused by
A
crustal movement occurring after deposition
B
differences in sediment density during deposition
C
deposition of sediments in folded layers
D
a rise in sea level after deposition
3) The movement of tectonic plates is inferred by many scientists to be driven by
A
tidal motions in the hydrosphere
B
convection currents in the asthenosphere
C
solidification in the lithosphere
D
density differences in the troposphere
4) The large coal fields found in Pennsylvania provide evidence that the climate of the northeastern United States was much warmer during the Carboniferous Period. This change in climate over time is best explained by the...
A
changes in the environment caused by humans
B
movements of tectonic plates
C
evolution of life
D
effects of seasons
5) Which statement best supports the theory that all the continents were once a single landmass?
A
Great thicknesses of shallow-water sediments are found at interior locations on some continents.
B
Marine fossils can be found at high elevations above sea floor on all continents.
C
Rocks of the ocean ridges are older than those of the adjacent seafloor.
D
Rock and fossil correlation can be made where the continents appear to fit together.
6) 33. An earthquake’s magnitude can be determined by
A
calculating the time the earthquake occurred
B
comparing the speed of P-waves and S-waves
C
calculating the depth of the earthquake faulting
D
analyzing seismic waves recorded by a seismograph
7) A seismic station is recording the seismic waves produced by an earthquake that occurred 4200 kilometers away. Approximately how long after the arrival of the first P-wave will the first S-wave arrive?
A
1 min 05 sec
B
7 min 20 sec
C
5 min 50 sec
D
13 min 10 sec
8) An earthquake’s first P-wave arrives at a seismic station at 12:00:00. This P-wave has traveled 6000 kilometers from the epicenter. At what time will the first S-wave from the same earthquake arrive at the seismic station?
A
11:52:20
B
12:09:20
C
12:07:40
D
12:17:00
9) Beneath which surface location is Earth’s crust the thinnest?
A
Old Forge, New York
B
San Andreas Fault
C
the center of South America
D
East Pacific Ridge
10) In which layer of Earth’s interior is the pressure inferred to be 1.0 million atmospheres?
A
inner core
B
rigid mantle
C
outer core
D
stiffer mantle
11) What is the inferred temperature at the boundary between Earth’s stiffer mantle and outer core?
A
6,200°C
B
5,000°C
C
4,500°C
D
2,500°C
12) The lithosphere is composed of which two parts?
A
Crust and the stiffer mantle
B
Crust and the rigid mantle
C
Crust and the plastic mantle
D
Crust and the asthenosphere
13) The asthenosphere is the partially solid part of which of Earth's layers?
A
Crust
B
Outer Core
C
Mantle
D
Inner Core
14) If the P wave arrived at 12:20:40 and the S wave arrived at 12:25:20, what is the lag time between them?
A
4 minutes and 40 seconds
B
4 Minutes
C
4 minutes and 20 seconds
D
5 minutes
15) The lag time between the P wave arrival and the S wave arrival time is 5 minutes. What is the approximate distance to the epicenter of this Earthquake?
A
4,600
B
3,000
C
4,000
D
3,600
*select an answer for all questions
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