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PC - 6.02 Murphy
Test Description: Understand the cognitive and moral development of children ages three through six. ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS *How do children learn? *How do children learn right from wrong?
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) How did Howard Gardner and Jean Piaget differ in developing their theories?
A
Gardner had an egocentric viewpoint, while Piaget’s view was empathetic.
B
Gardner studied kinesthetic intelligence, while Piaget studied eight different intelligences.
C
Gardner valued multiple intelligences; while Piaget valued play that imitates real life.
D
Gardner studied the child as a whole person; Piaget studied just aspects of development.
2) How are the cognitive characteristics of a three-year-old different from a four-year-old?
A
Three-year olds have longer attention spans than four-year-olds.
B
Four-year-olds figure out solutions to difficult situations more easily than three-year-olds.
C
Three-year-olds recognize parts of a wonderful situation; four-year-olds cannot create wonderful situations.
D
Four-year-olds understand instructions when given seven things to do; three-year-olds, when given four things to do.
3) Six-year-old Danny loves to build models of planes. Which type of multiple intelligences does this illustrate?
A
Musical
B
Spacial
C
Bodily-Kinesthetic
D
Naturalist
4) How are the cognitive characteristics of a three-year-old different from a six-year-old?
A
Three-year-olds have longer attention spans than six-year-olds.
B
Three-year-olds sort by color and shapes; six-year-olds solve problems more effectively.
C
Six-year-olds make up stories; three-year-olds count up to ten objects.
D
Six-year-olds write simple words; three-year-olds understand three-step directions.
5) How are Howard Gardner’s theory and Jean Piaget’s theory different?
A
Gardner focused on areas of learning, while Piaget focused on periods of development.
B
Piaget had an interest in music and cognitive development, while Gardner used symbols.
C
Piaget studied multiple intelligences, while Gardner studied approaches to learning.
D
Gardner focused on many ways of being smart, while Piaget focused on stages such as the preoperational period.
6) Six-year-old Terrance loves to write and read stories. Which type of multiple intelligences does this illustrate?
A
Intrapersonal
B
Logical-mathematical
C
Interpersonal
D
Linguistic
7) How are the cognitive characteristics of a three-year-old different from a five-year-old?
A
Three-year-olds know nine hundred words; five-year-olds do not.
B
Five-year-olds speak in complete sentences of two to three words; three-year-olds know about thirteen thousand words.
C
Five-year-olds count up to ten and sort by size; three-year-olds sort by color and shape.
D
Three-year-olds sort shapes and colors; five-year-olds cannot.
8) Six-year-old Candy loves to go outside and pick flowers. Which type of multiple intelligences does this illustrate?
A
Spacial
B
Musical
C
Bodily-kinesthetic
D
Naturalist
9) Six-year-old Vickie loves to be alone and listen to music in her room. Which type of multiple intelligences does this illustrate?
A
Linguistic
B
Intrapersonal
C
Logical-mathematical
D
Interpersonal
10) Which is an example of a preschooler in the preoperational period? Six-year-old Fran:
A
liked the way Sam ran his toy tractor.
B
created a play about a night with her family.
C
backed out of the play because she was not imaginative and creative.
D
made a poor choice of what to eat.
11) How are Lev Vygotsky’s theory and Maria Montessori’s theory different?
A
Vygotsky felt that teachers should teach by lecture, while Montessori believed in teamwork.
B
Vygotsky felt that teachers play a more important role than children in learning; Montessori felt that children learn best f
C
Montessori believed that children learn naturally in the right environment; Vygotsky believed children learn best in teams.
D
Vygotsky felt that learning came from the environment; Montessori believed in the value of child’s play.
12) Six-year-old Anna loves to make up games and gestures to go with them. Which type of multiple intelligences does this illustrate?
A
Musical
B
Naturalist
C
Spatial
D
Bodily-kinesthetic
13) Which illustrates appropriate moral development in a preschooler?
A
Andrew did not throw the ball in the street because he knew he might get run over.
B
Billy did not want to play ball with any of his friends.
C
David broke the windshield on the car and ran away to hide.
D
Carlton did not know that he had done wrong when he slammed the door.
14) Which is an example of a preschooler in the preoperational period? Six-year-old Andrew:
A
does not know what to use as a prop for a truck in his story.
B
tries to be creative, but does not show a lot of imagination.
C
only wants to play the game his way, not adapt to ideas of his playmates.
D
makes poor choices frequently.
15) What do Howard Gardner’s theory and Jean Piaget’s theory have in common? Both Piaget and Gardner:
A
emphasized the importance of a prepared learning environment
B
focused on learning stations arranged by subject.
C
recommended frequent use of small group learning to promote teamwork.
D
studied children and their learning abilities.
*select an answer for all questions
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