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8th Grade Science Unit 2 SLO Review- 2016-2017
Test Description: Rocks, Plate tectonics, fossils, adaptations
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) This type of rock is known to contain small pieces of rock or fossils cemented together.
A
Metamorphic
B
Igneous
C
Magma
D
Sedimentary
2) The earth's surface has changed over time and continues to change. What evidence have we learned that proves this?
A
Marine fossils are found in mountain areas
B
Igneous rock is found on all tectonic plates
C
Some species have become extinct
D
Some rock layers are very thick
3) Scientists learn a lot by studying the earth's rock layers. Why do we study rock layers?
A
to find evidence of the core of earth
B
to find rock fragments
C
to find new species of organisms
D
to find physical evidence of the history of earth
4) A marine fossil was found in the mountains on one continent and in the mountains on another continent. What does that tell scientists?
A
the mountains were both volcanic
B
clams once lived in mountains, but have since evolved into sea-dwelling creatures
C
glaciers carried the fossils up the mountains
D
the rock layers that the fossils were found are from the same geologic age
5) A fossil of a species found in one rock layer is the same species as a fossil found in another layer. However their structures are slightly different. Why?
A
the food supply of this species changed
B
this species changed over time
C
this species had many predators
D
the life span of this species changed
6) There are differences of the teeth and hooves of present day horses compared to horse fossils in the past. What is true about the horse fossil record?
A
The horse has been a carnivore.
B
The horse has lived in the same ecosystem.
C
The horse has many common ancestors
D
The horse has changed over time
7) Chemical and physical weathering both cause changes to earth's surface. Which of the following would physical weathering occur more quickly?
A
limestone rocks found in isolated areas
B
cracked boulders found on cold mountain peaks.
C
large boulders found in areas with heavy air pollution.
D
iron-rich rocks found in valleys
8) Present-day organisms often evolve from a common ancestor. Why do they have different characteristics than their ancestors?
A
Adaptations
B
Asexual reproduction
C
Respiration
D
Extinction
9) What is true about chemical weathering?
A
Chemical weathering only affects igneous rocks
B
Chemical weathering only affects metamorphic rocks.
C
Chemical weathering changes the composition of rocks.
D
Chemical weathering breaks rocks into smaller pieces
10) Characteristics of metamorphic rocks are
A
those that have wavy bands of other rocks or minerals
B
those that don't have a regular shape
C
those that have fossils in them.
D
those that are made up of 2 minerals of different colors.
11) Rocks that have shells cemented into them are classified as
A
igneous
B
metamorphic
C
sedimentary
D
volcanic
12) Why do some extrusive igneous rocks form pores(holes)?
A
It's from minerals forming as the rock cools.
B
It's when pressure squeezes sediment out.
C
It's when the rock heats up then cools down quickly.
D
It's when gases escape the liquid rock while the rock is forming.
13) A geologist working in the mountains found many marine fossils. What conclusion can he make about the mountain area?
A
It was flooded by heavy rains.
B
It was once covered by an ocean
C
It was once a volcano.
D
It was once part of a grassland.
14) How do fossils found in sedimentary rock layers help scientists?
A
They explain how igneous rocks are made.
B
They explain how species change over time.
C
They explain why volcanoes exist.
D
They explain why rocks are formed.
15) What can be used as evidence that living things have evolved over the years?
A
Chemicals in human hair
B
Fossil records
C
Particles in the air
D
Tree rings from cut trees
16) What is the best example that there was a Pangea?
A
Matching rock layers can be found in South America and Africa.
B
North America and India have matching mountain chains.
C
Bedrock in Australia and Greenland has glacier scratches
D
Madagascar and India have similar shapes.
17) What causes the crustal plates to move?
A
Earth's magnetic field
B
Rising global temperatures
C
Convection currents in the mantle.
D
Offshore drilling for oil
18) What best describes the earth's crust?
A
thickest under the ocean floor
B
Composed mainly of molten rock
C
iron-based rocks
D
separate moving plates
19) What occurs along plate boundaries?
A
Tidal waves and sedimentation
B
Earthquakes and volcanoes
C
Hurricanes and tornadoes
D
Erosion and deposition
20) What is true about the law of superposition?
A
The youngest rock layer is on the bottom.
B
An intrusion is the oldest.
C
The oldest rock layer is on the bottom.
D
A fault is the oldest.
*select an answer for all questions
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