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Origin Of Life Review
Test Description: This is an assessment of the origin of life standard.
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) Which are possible sources of energy that could have led to the production of these first precursors to life?
A
nuclear radiation and photosynthesis
B
photosynthesis and cellular respiration
C
lightning and cellular respiration
D
solar radiation, volcanic eruptions, and lightning
2) Which of the following statements about the effect of early organisms on Earth’s environment is true?
A
The first photosynthetic organisms caused Earth to heat as they converted oxygen to carbon dioxide.
B
The first photosynthetic organisms caused Earth to heat as they converted carbon dioxide to oxygen
C
The first photosynthetic organisms caused Earth to cool as they converted oxygen to carbon dioxide
D
The first photosynthetic organisms caused Earth to cool as they converted carbon dioxide to oxygen
3) One scientific hypothesis about the origin of life holds that
A
proteins that duplicate themselves came to function in information storage.
B
RNA existed before DNA.
C
RNA replaced DNA as the most stable information-storing molecule.
D
as cells evolved, they stopped using RNA entirely.
4) Proteinoid microspheres are tiny bubbles that resemble cells because they
A
build proteins from amino acids.
B
add oxygen gas to the atmosphere.
C
have selectively permeable membranes.
D
contain DNA and/or RNA.
5) The endosymbiotic theory was proposed because mitochondria, chloroplasts, and free-living prokaryotes have similar
A
cell nuclei.
B
vacuoles
C
cell walls.
D
cell membranes.
6) The endosymbiotic theory proposes that mitochondria in eukaryotic cells arose from
A
endosymbiotic prokaryotes that metabolized oxygen.
B
endosymbiotic eukaryotes that were photosynthetic.
C
endosymbiotic eukaryotes that metabolized oxygen.
D
endosymbiotic prokaryotes that were photosynthetic.
7) The endosymbiotic theory proposes that eukaryotic cells arose from
A
communities formed by eukaryotes.
B
individual prokaryotic cells
C
multicellular prokaryotes.
D
communities formed by prokaryotes.
8) Which one of these facts about mitochondria and chloroplasts constitutes support for the endosymbiotic theory?
A
Their ribosomes resemble the ribosomes of bacteria.
B
They reproduce by mitosis.
C
Their DNA resembles bacterial RNA.
D
They are organelles that are found within plant cells.
9) Genetic diversity in prokaryotes is primarily due to
A
the mixing of DNA during fertilization.
B
the mixing of DNA during binary fission.
C
mutations in RNA.
D
mutations in DNA.
10) Sexual reproduction contributes to genetic diversity by allowing
A
a single parent to pass along a complete set of unmixed genes to offspring.
B
genes from a single parent to be mixed and remixed before being passed to offspring.
C
genes from two parents to be mixed and remixed before being passed to offspring.
D
unmixed genes from two parents to be passed to offspring.
11) Which types of organisms developed first due to the early environmental conditions on Earth?
A
prokaryotic and anaerobic
B
eukaryotic and aerobic
C
prokaryotic and aerobic
D
eukaryotic and anaerobic
12) One theory to explain the origin of life is called chemical evolution. According to this theory, which of the following events would need to occur first for life to evolve?
A
Synthesis of organic molecules
B
onset of photosynthesis
C
formation of the plasma membrane
D
origin of genetic material
13) Which of the following describes why the Miller-Urey theory is widely accepted today?
A
Organic molecules are present today in extremely high concentrations.
B
Amino acids spontaneously form from molecules in the atmosphere today.
C
No other alternative hypotheses have been introduced.
D
The process of synthesizing organic molecules from a mixture of gases has been successfully modeled in the laboratory.
14) In which of the following circumstances would it be most likely for large organic molecules to form during a laboratory experiment?
A
If RNA segments that could act as catalysts formed
B
If oxygen were slowly added as the experiment progressed
C
If amino acids and nucleic acids both formed
D
If the mixture were repeatedly heated and cooled
*select an answer for all questions
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