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Benchmark Exam Review
Test Description: Spring Semester 2015 Exam Review covering Georgia Biology Standards 3, 4, and 5
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) Classification systems are used to indicate evolutionary relationships among organisms. Modern classification systems are based upon ___.
A
modes of movement and reproduction
B
physical characteristics and habitats
C
biochemical and genetic evidence
D
behavioral adaptations and eating preferences
2) Which idea about evolution was held by Darwin but not by Lamarck?
A
The use or disuse of an organ determines its appearance in a species.
B
Species are fixed and do not change.
C
Organisms best suited to their environment survive and reproduce.
D
Species are moving toward perfection.
3) Charles Darwin proposed his theory of evolution based on observations of nature. Which observation that contributed to his theory is illustrated by differences in appearance within populations of organisms? (ex. Patterns of beatles)
A
Environmental resources are limited
B
Individuals within a population may vary widely
C
Populations remain stable over time
D
Species produce more offspring than can survive
4) Which is the greatest threat to biodiversity?
A
growing flowers and vegetables in a home garden
B
hunting and fishing without a license
C
increasing the amount of land set aside for conservation
D
introducing non-native species into a habitat
5) Which is a conclusion drawn from the observed DNA similarities found between apes and chimpanzees?
A
Apes and chimpanzees are thought to have evolved from a common ancestor
B
Apes and chimpanzees are in the same species
C
Apes and chimpanzees are in the same genus
D
Apes and chimpanzees are products of artificial selection
6) Fossils help scientists classify extinct species and determine their relationships to current species. Fossils provide the most information about extinct species' __.
A
metabolism
B
reproduction
C
habitats
D
structures
7) When penicillin was first introduced, it was very effective in destroying most of the bacteria that cause gonorrhea. Today, certain varieties of this bacterium are resistant to penicillin. Which statement best explains the resistant varieties?
A
Penicillin killed the susceptible bacteria, while naturally resistant varieties survived and reproduced.
B
Penicillin stimulated the production of antigens in the resistant bacteria.
C
Penicillin stimulated the bacteria to become resistant, and this resistance was passed to the offspring.
D
Penicillin used today is not as strong as the penicillin used when it was first introduced.
8) In terms of ecological organization, how is an ecosystem different from a population?
A
An ecosystem has less biodiversity than a population.
B
An ecosystem has biotic and abiotic factors, but a population has biotic factors.
C
A population is larger in size than an ecosystem.
D
A population is comprised of several small ecosystems.
9) In general, which trophic level has the most energy available to it?
A
producer
B
tertiary consumer
C
primary consumer
D
secondary consumer
10) The fossil record supports which of the following descriptions of the evolution of life on Earth?
A
The importance of natural selection diminished over time.
B
Complex organisms evolved from more simple organisms.
C
Large organisms appeared before single-celled organisms.
D
Life first appeared with the diversity found today.
11) Which level of ecological organization contains all other levels?
A
biome
B
ecosystem
C
population
D
community
12) Cellular respiration, decomposition, combustion, and photosynthesis are processes that drive which of the following cycles in ecosystems?
A
the nitrogen cycle
B
the carbon cycle
C
the water cycle
D
the phosphorous cycle
13) If the following organisms were arranged in a food pyramid, which organism would have the least amount of total energy available? shrub, lizard, insect, or coyote?
A
coyote
B
shrub
C
lizard
D
insect
14) What will most likely happen if decomposers are removed from the carbon cycle?
A
The amount of carbon dioxide needed by consumers will decrease.
B
The amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere will increase.
C
The amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere will decrease.
D
The amount of carbon dioxide used by producers will increase.
15) Which of the following human activities modify our environment?
A
habitat destruction
B
all of the above
C
deforestation
D
global warming
16) A photosynthetic, autotrophic organism that contains a cell wall, cell membrane, nucleus, and chloroplasts, most likely belongs to which of the following kingdoms?
A
plantae
B
protista
C
fungi
D
animalia
17) An organism that has a cell wall but no nucleus and lives without oxygen in extreme environments most likely belongs to which of the follwing kingdoms?
A
archaebacteria
B
fungi
C
protista
D
eubacteria
18) Organisms in this kingdom are heterotrophic, have a cell wall, cell membrane, and nucleus, but no chloroplasts, and obtain their energy through absorption.
A
fungi
B
animalia
C
protista
D
plantae
19) A branching diagram that shows evolutionary relationships among organisms based upon common ancestry and shared characteristics is called a __.
A
phylogenetic tree
B
neither A nor B
C
cladogram
D
both A and B
20) Viruses and living cells have many similarites and differences. Which of the following is an important similarity?
A
Reproduces by meiosis.
B
Requires oxygen to survive.
C
Contains genetic information.
D
Contains a nucleus.
*select an answer for all questions
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