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Book B, Ch4 Practice
Test Description: Birds, mammals, evolution
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) Which of the following is a reason that Australian marsupials are endangered or extinct?
A
Europeans changed the environment dramatically when they arrived there.
B
A small meteor strike there and the aftermath caused many species to die from loss of habitat, food, and climate change
C
An invasive species of sharks that can walk on land have been rapidly expanding and preying on the animals there
D
A massive earthquake killed them and destroyed their habitats and food sources
2) Which environmental condition is believed to have driven the adaptations in penguins that prevent them from flying?
A
It is colder up high in the air which forced them to spend more time on the ground
B
A lack of predators on land made it unecessary for them to fly
C
Predators in the air forced them to take to the water
D
Most of their food is in the water
3) Why can penguins no longer fly?
A
They are too lazy
B
Through natural selection the environment drove adaptations that were better suited for diving than flying
C
They saw other penguins getting food in the water so they decided they would get their food there too and so adapted to be ab
D
They spent so much time in the water because that was where their food was that they forgot how to fly
4) Which of the following is not an adaptation for bird flight?
A
rapidly beating heart
B
air sacs to make them lighter
C
down feathers to make them streamlined
D
wings
5) Which of the following characteristics are shared by all mammals?
A
mammary glands, diaphragms, constant body temperature
B
poor hearing, constant body temperature, live births
C
long legs, mammary glands, good vision
D
good vision, diaphragms, long necks
6) A bird’s streamlined body surface is created by
A
the crop
B
the keel
C
contour feathers
D
down feathers
7) What characteristic of mammals helped them become better consumers?
A
being lower the the ground
B
having different kinds of teeth
C
having opposable thumbs
D
having a jaw that can open wider than other animals
8) Why do marsupials need a pouch for their young after birth?
A
to protect and feed them while they continue to develop
B
to keep them from running away before they are ready to take care of themselves
C
because the mothers need to breathe for their young
D
to carry them until they learn to hop
9) Which of the following is NOT a marsupial?
A
Tasmanian devil
B
wallaby
C
panda
D
numbat
10) For speciation to happen groups of the same species must first
A
decide that they are not strong enough for their current environment
B
separate into different environments with different conditions
C
adapt to different environments
D
compete with each other for dominance
11) A characteristic that improves an organism’s ability to survive is a(n)
A
inherited variation
B
adaptation
C
breeding
D
reproduction
12) What is the process by which organisms that are better adapted to their environment survive and reproduce more successfully than less well adapted organisms do?
A
species separation
B
genetic resistance
C
natural selection
D
genetic change
13) The process by which populations slowly change over time is called
A
evolution
B
selective breeding
C
adaptation
D
speciation
14) Marsupials are born _________________ after fertilization
A
Days or weeks
B
Hours
C
Several months
D
Nine months
15) Scientists compare organisms’ DNA to support the theory that all species share a common
A
separation
B
ancestor
C
population
D
environment
16) A spider may produce hundreds of eggs, only a few of which may survive. This is an example of
A
overproduction
B
genetic change
C
speciation
D
division
17) The trace remains of an organism that lived long ago, most commonly preserved in sedimentary rock, are a
A
fossil
B
layer
C
sediment
D
mineral
18) Which of the following is NOT an example of natural selection?
A
dog owners breeding their pets to produce friendlier offspring
B
elephants passing the tuskless trait to their offspring
C
male birds developing extremely colorful displays of feathers
D
insects developing pesticide resistance
19) Which of the following features did whales possibly inherit from a four-legged ancestor?
A
gills
B
hind limbs
C
legs
D
hip bones
20) The fact that an organism’s offspring are not identical is known as
A
genetics
B
adaptation
C
reproduction
D
inherited variation
*select an answer for all questions
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