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Argument For Evolution
Test Description: Practice your understanding of natural selection and other evolution topics.
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) What is natural selection?
A
The mechanism that leads to increasing variation within a population.
B
The mechanism that explains why populations produce more offspring than the environment can support.
C
The mechanism that increases the chance of certain individuals reproducing.
D
The cumulative change in the heritable characteristics of a population.
2) What is natural selection?
A
Variation due to mutations in a population
B
Making a random choice of partner for reproduction
C
The survival of the largest organisms in a population
D
Increased reproductive success by those with favourable variation
3) Why has evolution resulted in antibiotic resistance in bacteria?
A
Bacteria change their metabolism to cope with the presence of antibiotics.
B
Not completing a course of antibiotics allows resistant bacteria to develop.
C
Bacteria resistant to the antibiotic survive to pass on this characteristic to their offspring
D
Bacteria have learnt how to neutralize the effects of the antibiotic and they pass this onto their offspring.
4) According to Darwin’s theory of evolution, what causes the struggle for survival in populations?
A
Overproduction of offspring
B
Favourable heritable variations
C
Natural selection
D
Competition between the fittest individuals in the population
5) Which process has the greatest effect in determining which members of a population are most likely to survive until reproductive age?
A
Meiosis
B
Natural selection
C
Evolution
D
Hybridization
6) During his voyage on the Beagle, Charles Darwin made many observations
A
in North America.
B
in Asia.
C
in England.
D
on the Galápagos Islands.
7) On the Galápagos Islands, Charles Darwin observed
A
somewhat similar species, with traits that suited their particular environments.
B
species exactly like those found in South America.
C
species completely unrelated to those found in South America.
D
completely unrelated species on each of the islands.
8) The species of finches that Charles Darwin found on the Galápagos Islands displayed different structural adaptations. One of the adaptations that Darwin noted was the
A
similarities of the birds’ embryos.
B
number of eggs in each bird’s nest.
C
length of the birds’ necks.
D
birds’ different-shaped beaks.
9) James Hutton’s and Charles Lyell’s work suggests that
A
all rocks on Earth contain fossils.
B
Earth is many millions of years old.
C
Earth is several thousand years old.
D
all fossils were formed in the last 1000 years.
10) Jean-Baptiste Lamarck proposed that organisms
A
have an innate tendency to become simpler as time passes.
B
have an innate tendency toward complexity and perfection.
C
inherit all of the adaptations they display.
D
belong to species that never change.
11) Which is a major concept included in Lamarck’s theory of evolution?
A
Body structure can change according to the actions of the organism.
B
Change is the result of survival of the fittest.
C
Population size decreases the rate of evolution.
D
Artificial selection is the basis for evolution.
12) In each generation, the wings of experimental fruit flies were clipped short for fifty generations. The fifty-first generation emerged with normal-length wings. This observation would tend to disprove the idea that evolution is based on
A
inheritance of natural variations.
B
natural selection.
C
inheritance of acquired characteristics.
D
survival of the fittest.
13) In 1859, Charles Darwin published his revolutionary scientific ideas in a work titled
A
Evolution in Malaysia.
B
On the Origin of Species.
C
Principles of Geology.
D
Essay on the Principle of Population.
14) When farmers select animals or plants to use for breeding, they look for
A
natural variations that are present in a species.
B
species that are perfect and unchanging.
C
traits that are produced artificially.
D
homologous structures.
15) When a farmer breeds only his or her best livestock, the process involved is
A
artificial selection.
B
survival of the fittest.
C
natural selection.
D
artificial variation.
16) Which statement about the members of a population that live long enough to reproduce is consistent with the theory of natural selection?
A
They tend to produce fewer offspring than others in the population.
B
They transmit characteristics acquired by use and disuse to their offspring.
C
They are the ones that are best adapted to survive in their environment.
D
They will perpetuate unfavorable changes in the species.
17) In humans, the pelvis and femur, or thigh bone, are involved in walking. In whales, the pelvis and femur are....?
A
examples of natural variation.
B
examples of fossils.
C
vestigial structures.
D
acquired traits.
18) Modern sea star larvae resemble some primitive vertebrate larvae. This similarity may suggest that primitive vertebrates
A
evolved before sea stars.
B
share a common ancestor with sea stars.
C
belong to the same species as sea stars.
D
evolved from sea stars.
19) The same kinds of cells that grow in similar patterns in different but related organisms produce
A
natural variations in a population.
B
descent with modification.
C
homologous structures such as wings and arms.
D
the same kind of embryos.
20) Which concept is NOT included in the modern theory of evolution?
A
descent with modification
B
natural selection
C
competition among the members of a population
D
transmission of acquired characteristics
*select an answer for all questions
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